An It Proposal for Network Management of the College of Computing and Information Sciences(Makerere University, Uganda)

AN IT PROPOSAL FOR NETWORK MANAGEMENT OF THE COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCES(MAKERERE UNIVERSITY,UGANDA) Introduction The College of Computing and Information Sciences (COCIS) Makerere University in Uganda was set up on thirteenth December 2010. It is comprised of the School of Computing and Informatics Technology (CIT) and the East African School of Library and Information Science (EASLIS). COCIS is one of the biggest registering and ICT preparing, data science, research and consultancy schools in Africa.It cuts across as a world class College and has kept up its place as a symbol of greatness on the mainland. It is focused on conveying fantastic administrations in the territory of Computing, Library, Records and Information Sciences and pulls in both nearby and global understudies. COCIS gloats of the cutting edge foundation including address theaters, monster PC research centers, specific PC labs and a school library.The built up scholarly staff quality of the Colleg e is around 300 school personnel including 30 visiting and neighborhood educators. More than twenty of these staff individuals hold doctorate, with numerous others in cutting edge phases of finishing their PhD contemplates. This merger has seen a pool of assets and offices like PC labs, specific research centers, book libraries, diaries, cameras, and faculty both authoritative and scholastic staff.To boost profitability and productivity, the school of registering and informatics technology(CoCIS) routinely depends on the system to help its tasks going from E-learning exercises on the E-Learning environment(Muele) to help administrations offered to understudies and staff ,administrations like access to remote web, access to the web through the Domain(CoCIS area) The system topology utilized by the school is an all-encompassing star LAN that is utilized with arrange gadgets that channel casings or bundles, similar to switches, and routers.This topology fundamentally diminishes the tra ffic on the wires by sending parcels just to the wires of the goal. This system is overseen by just four individuals or staff. This system is additionally being overseen utilizing instruments like Nagios and sun powered breezes for checking gadgets. Issues distinguished influencing the system Insufficient assets Under this there is constrained HR which incorporate care staff and system managers . there are just four system directors for the entire school of which a portion of the are bumbling or not generally available.Limited number of Computers, the majority of the PCs in the labs at the school are decreasing in numbers because of specialized issues, a couple of switches and lacking number of Ethernet links of which some don’t work, one of the servers at Block A has issues and It has truly upset the system for the most part during the entrance to the space by the understudies. Low data transmission The transfer speed that is accommodated the school by the specialist co-ops (UTL) isn't sufficient to provide food for the understudies and staff that are the end clients of the network.Delayed Service conveyance and system unsteadiness There is moderate system availability in the labs and different zones of work in the school for instance nowadays teachers infrequently get to Muele(Makerere E-Learning condition) to transfer Notes for understudies because of this issue. System interruption/unapproved use There is expanded system access by unapproved clients on the Wireless system that builds the system traffic and henceforth easing back down of the system which denies the legitimate clients who are the understudies of the school from completely using this resource.Security gives The College faces security issues which incorporate burglary of system gadgets like links, mouse, consoles and whatnot. Additionally to take note of that much as there are measures for security like cameras in certain labs and key territories of the structures, security men for the two squares; they are insufficient Proposed Solutions to the previously mentioned Problems at CoCIS Network the executives being a mind boggling and wide segment in systems administration, it tends to be accomplished through various systems administration frameworks.So we suggest that if this school can utilize the accompanying methodologies, its system the executives can be facilitated and improved massively. Issue the executives The school arrange director ought to have the option to recognize all the system issues like no association or moderate association , find where the shortcoming is ,reestablish the administration ,distinguish the main driver of the deficiency and afterward discover a goals for the issue. This should be possible proactively or responsively. Consequently the system vacation is limited profoundly. Setup managementThe organize chairmen of the school ought to have the option to catch system and framework arrangement data of all system components. (neighborhood, remote, mechanized and manual) ,Map the system topology, Set up setup boundaries in the executives operators ,track and record what changes are made to the system, where they are made and why they are made , Identify where redesigns should be made to deal with the system productively as they control issues of postponed Service conveyance and system unsteadiness (physical and intelligent configuration).Accounting the board Since there are restricted assets like PCs, HR that is to state overseers of the system ,appropriation of these assets should be possible ideally and reasonably on the school so as the system is overseen well . This makes the best utilization of the frameworks accessible, limiting the expense of activity. Security Management Security measures ought to be received so the system is ensured against unapproved clients, and physical or electronic harm subsequently moderating issues of system intrusion.The security frameworks ought to likewise permit arrange heads to co ntrol what each approved understudy or staff can and can't do with the framework. Other safety effort to embrace can be: - Physical security This should be possible by giving enough surveillance cameras in all the labs and different territories in the structures of Block An and Block B, bolting the PC labs and mounting servers on cupboards or racks that have locks.Proposal to the top executives to buy enough Bandwidth to suit the developing quantities of clients at the school. On the off chance that there’s enough data transfer capacity gave, it will provide food for the moderate associations on the system as prior demonstrated. Acquisition of required system supplies like broadened servers, switches, better instruments for checking the system ought to likewise be done to settle the system foundation. CONCLUSIONThe school of processing and data sciences needs to target putting the previously mentioned measures into thought and practice where conceivable in order to empower fu ll use of assets which limits repetitive assets, gives higher opportunity to understudies and staff to get to assets on the system without burdens, snappy help conveyance for the understudies and staff will be ensured decreasing on the vacation experienced on a more slow system and furthermore checking time delays in all the system operations.References CIS. (n. d) Retrieved from Cis. mak. air conditioning. ug:http://cis. mak. air conditioning. ug/about-cocis/history-a-realities/the-school. html Makerere E-learning Environment (n. d) Retrieved from Muele: http://muele. mak. air conditioning. ug/

Introducing STEM Education to Young Students

Presentation Atkinson, Hugo and Lundgren (2007) claim, â€Å"We now are in the STEM generation† (p. 15). STEM is an abbreviation for science, innovation, building, and arithmetic. Today, the abbreviation has taken a more extensive importance. It envelops condition, farming, training, financial matters, and medicine.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Introducing STEM Education to Young Students explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is an all inclusive understanding that everybody has the right to be STEM proficient. Notwithstanding, there is a differentiation between being STEM educated and proficiency. As per Atkinson et al. (2007), STEM proficiency is seen as deictic method of procuring further learning. STEM education is established on three mainstays of realizing, which are intellectual, emotional, and psychomotor. Atkinson et al. (2007) guarantee that STEM education â€Å"refers to the capacity to adjust to and acknowledge c hanges driven by new innovation work, to envision staggered effects of their activities, and find estimated, yet imaginative, answers for issues that are today unimaginable† (p. 19). They contend that STEM is seen as a basic part in the preparation of our next partner. It helps to improve the nature of instruction framework and empowers students to contend in the worldwide stage. The present serious world requires an exceptionally taught and talented workforce. This article will talk about the significances of presenting youthful understudies to STEM instruction. Introduction to STEM Education There are stresses that most of the youngsters in the United States are not prepared to respond to present or future requests. The Majority of the understudies perform ineffectively in arithmetic, science, designing, and innovation related subjects. Also, numerous understudies don't join up with STEM-related courses (Atkinson et al., 2007).Advertising Looking for inquire about paper on i nstruction? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, United States is encountering lack of individuals qualified in STEM-related callings. The discoveries are stunning on the grounds that it will be hard for the United States to stay serious in the worldwide economy. The nation should start programs planned for urging understudies to contemplate STEM-related subjects. Research has demonstrated that arithmetic and science add to advancement and revelation. A general public can't accomplish advancement on the off chance that it doesn't urge its understudies to contemplate arithmetic and science. Aside from arithmetic and science, designing and innovation additionally assume a huge job in financial turn of events and vocation development. Subsequently, the United States ought to guarantee that it acquaints the two courses with understudies as right on time as could reasonably be expected. Bagiati, Yoon, Evangelou and Ngambeki (20 10) claim that individuals are relied upon to get differed critical thinking aptitudes and manage various difficulties confronting the general public in the 21st century. The abilities incorporate initiative and cooperation, adaptability and finesse, and entrepreneurialism and imagination. Acquainting STEM instruction with youthful understudies will assist them with developing these abilities at an early age. In addition, it will assist nations with coping with ever-changing social and financial needs. In any case, the understudies won't gain the abilities except if the United States changes its instructive norms. An essential subject that is secured by most of the current science training compositions is the developing reluctance of energetic individuals to grasp STEM instruction. The writers charge that youthful understudies are maintaining a strategic distance from science, innovation, building, and arithmetic related courses.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper te st on Introducing STEM Education to Young Students explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Scholars have given suggestions on the most proficient method to address this test. One of the proposals is presenting understudies to STEM training at an early age (Bagiati et al., 2010). Early prologue to STEM training will encourage in students’ by and large scholastic turn of events. It will help understudies to create basic reasoning and urge them to seek after vocations that are identified with STEM. Over 77% of ladies and minority bunches don't highlight in the United States’ STEM workforce. The nation doesn't persuade and support these gatherings to rehearse STEM instruction at their initial age (Bagiati et al., 2010). In this manner, the legislature ought to guarantee that it profits sufficient STEM instruction assets and persuades youthful understudies to seek after STEM-related courses. Research has demonstrated that understudies forsake STEM-related sub jects before they join the eighth grade. Numerous understudies gripe that most of STEM-related subjects are exhausting, testing and uninteresting. Thus, they don't lean toward proceeding with the subjects. Having realized that understudies lose enthusiasm for STEM-related subjects at their seventh grade, instructors should concentrate on students at this evaluation (Brophy, Klein, Portsmore Rogers, 2008). Studies have demonstrated that most of the understudies who seek after STEM training in the eighth grade wind up seeking after STEM-related professions later on. Consequently, it is significant that educators and all instruction partners urge understudies to take STEM-related subjects. Presenting understudies to STEM instruction at early life will lastingly affect the whole STEM training society and students. Numerous nations are committed to producing STEM-concerned work force and understudies. In any case, they can't accomplish this objective except if they help all understudies to build up their capacities.Advertising Searching for investigate paper on training? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More In 2007, more than 75% of the United States’ understudies were not prepared to seek after school concentrates in science, innovation, designing, and arithmetic. Considerably all the more upsetting, â€Å"there existed both an intrigue and accomplishment hole among African Americans, Hispanics, and females in the STEM fields, which constrained cooperation in STEM-related jobs† (Brophy et al., 2008, p. 371). Noteworthy Impacts of STEM Education to Young Students One of the huge effects of acquainting STEM instruction with youthful understudies is that it causes them to create uplifting demeanor and certainty. Most center school understudies experience the ill effects of touchiness or aversion for science. The understudies accept that they are not talented in science, and just explicit understudies can deal with the subject. They additionally keep up that no measure of help or inspiration can help the individuals who are not talented in arithmetic. Carnevale, Smith and Mel ton (2011) declare that a student’s observation that individual trouble with STEM-related subjects is because of absence of skill debilitates his/her driving force and may prompt apprehension. In this way, acquainting STEM training with understudies at an early age can assist them with developing uplifting disposition and trust in STEM-related subjects. STEM framework is structured such that it is instructor escalated. Educators guide understudies and help them to manage worry, which is the fundamental motivation behind why they keep away from STEM training. In addition, educators help understudies to pick up the fearlessness to seek after STEM-related subjects. As per Carnevale et al. (2011), acquainting STEM training with understudies at an early age will assist them with understanding, recognize and draw in with the subjects. In addition, it will empower understudies to settle on all around educated choices on the significance regarding arithmetic, science, innovation or b uilding in their life. Abrams, Southerland and Silva (2007) affirm that STEM proficiency â€Å"means more than mapping the various covering interdisciplinary aptitudes, ideas, and processes† (p. 42). Acquainting STEM instruction with youthful understudies will assist students with developing aptitudes that will assist them with adjusting and grasp changes brought about by current innovation. Additionally, it will plan understudies to accept complex obligations later on. Nations need to discover creative answers for difficulties that are these days unfathomable. They can't discover these arrangements except if they furnish their students with imaginative and unique dynamic abilities. Permitting understudies to seek after STEM-related subjects at an early age will assist them with coping with individual needs later on (Abrams et al., 2007). They will get learned and satisfied, yet in addition gainful residents. STEM instruction advances incorporated learning. The constructivist learning hypothesis holds that mixed instruction causes understudies to procure information and aptitudes in various territories. As indicated by Abrams et al. (2007), STEM training is an arrangement of educating for comprehension. The framework includes â€Å"teachers as facilitators, understudies as dynamic students, and development of information as opposed to unimportant retention of facts† (Abrams et al., 2007, p. 48). STEM instruction will assist understudies with gaining information in various territories. For example, an understudy will utilize arithmetic aptitudes to take care of science issues. Then again, some science exercises will assist an understudy with studying and get arithmetic. Most of the instructors wonder whenever incorporated exercises help understudies to get a handle on ideas. Subsequently, numerous educators abstain from acquainting STEM training with youthful understudies in dread that they probably won't comprehend the subjects. An examination by Cole and Espinoza (2007) demonstrated that youthful understudies profit by coordinated exercises. The exercises help understudies to pick up critical thinking abilities, empower participation, improve students’ contemplations about school, and support high participation. Cole and Espinoza (2007) charge that building curricular offers a course for consolidating arithmetic and science. Also, it gives a foundation to the hugeness and motivation behind arithmetic and science. Most understudies evade STEM-related subjects since they don't comprehend their significance. T

Persuasive Writing Is Getting the Reader to Say Yes

Influential Writing Is Getting the Reader to Say Yes Influential Writing Is Getting the Reader to Say â€Å"Yes† Influential Writing Is Getting the Reader to Say â€Å"Yes† By Mark Nichol All composition, one might say, is influential composition. Indeed, even in fiction, the author requests that perusers take part in a story and concur, or if nothing else identify, with a reason. In any case, two specific sorts of exposition, the ad and the contention, urge perusers to purchase something, regardless of whether it’s a strict acquisition of a help or an item or a metaphorical obtaining of a recommendation or a thought. The standards, paying little mind to the composing design, are basically the equivalent. Feature Essayists acclimated with considering enticing composition as a task in English class might be enticed to skirt this segment, yet whether you’re making an assessment piece for a distribution or composing advertisement duplicate, the title text is the most significant piece of the organization. Along these lines, promoting specialists encourage journalists to invest a large portion of the energy it takes to make a bit of influential composition on the feature. The vast majority, they state, will peruse a feature, however hardly any will peruse what follows except if the feature urges them to. The tone of a feature relies upon the contention or message, obviously; the wording will contrast broadly relying upon whether the content is definitive or engaging (however there is no motivation to overlook one of these characteristics to the detriment of the other). Do, be that as it may, keep it as short as conceivable unquestionably, under ten words in length, except if you just can’t convey the desired information without additional. (Yet, attempt to abridge it once again.) Most importantly, compose the feature first. You can generally transform it later, yet by starting with a feature, you furnish yourself with an announcement of your reason to keep you on target. Structure The accompanying rules may peruse like something out of Comp 101, however hold on for me: Present your point in a theme section. Present your contentions in discrete sections. Give realities or guides to every contention. Offer other option or restricting perspectives and contend why they are not legitimate or attainable. Sum up your point in a finishing up section. All in all, where’s the part around a five-section article in which each passage comprises of five sentences? That’s the conventional recipe for enticing composition, yet there’s no motivation to tail it. You should, notwithstanding, know it, and know the five basic advances, since you should know the principles before you can viably break them. Regardless of whether you’re composing advertisement duplicate, you may take a stab at drafting your recommendation as per these layouts. At that point, by then, you can shape your message in whatever structure works for you. In any case, holding fast to the principles, at any rate at first, can assist you with building up your contention without worrying about the configuration. Strategies Apply these plans to your contention: Incitement: Explain a difficult that must be settled and tackle it. Clarification: Clearly express your answer. Redundancy: Reiterate your reason. Authority: Establish your believability with levelheaded, capable explanations (ethos, or request to character), statistical data points (logos, or advance to rationale), and consistency. (The third great worth, feeling, or advance to feeling, isn't strange among the initial two, and regularly the best contentions consolidate each of the three.) Declaration: Quote or allude to specialists or notable figures to reinforce your contention. Forecast: Depict a positive result to your answer. Expectation: Preempt or react to contradiction or suspicion by countering different choices. Examination: Encourage understanding by highlighting instances of existing wonders that mirror your perspective or recommendation. Character: Inject warmth and imperativeness into your contention to interest your perusers. Incorporation: Encourage purchase in by welcoming perusers to be a piece of the development or the gathering of disciples to your perspective, or to join the demographic or client base. Style and Strategy Consider your crowd while deciding your tone, however remember the nuts and bolts: Write unmistakably, rationally, and compactly, and utilize the dynamic voice. Yet additionally remember influential procedures, for example, underscoring benefits, not highlights; composing for the unsure; and focusing on communicating, not dazzling, the peruser. At last, recount your piece, regardless of what the proposed medium or crowd. On the off chance that it doesn’t fill in as a discourse, it’s improbable to prevail with regards to composing. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Freelance Writing classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:100 Whimsical Words50 Types of Propaganda5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

“The Chrysanthemums”: An Early Depiction of Gender’s Role :: Literary Analysis, John Steinbeck

The customary job of ladies in the American culture has changed as society has slanted towards sexual uniformity. In the past ladies were relied upon to be accommodating to the man and were viewed as homemakers rather then suppliers. Advanced ladies appreciate the opportunity of uniqueness and are considered as proficient as men in numerous respects. John Steinbeck’s short story, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums,† depicts a woman’s battle with tolerating her life and job as a female (459). Through the hero female character, Elisa Allen, and the imagery of chrysanthemums, Steinbeck shows the sexual orientation jobs that characterize past ages of women’s lives in the United States. Elisa Allen epitomizes the picture of a straightforward lady anxious to get away from the limits of a sexual orientation characterized job in the public arena. Perusers are acquainted with Elisa as a multi year old, resilient lady living with her significant other, Henry, on a farm in Salinas Valley (Steinbeck 460). Elisa’s manliness is featured from the clothing she is wearing to the quality in her grasp. Henry attests that Elisa is skilled in her undertakings when he states, â€Å"you’ve got a blessing with things,† concerning her nursery (Steinbeck 460). Despite the fact that Elisa is pleased at Henry’s proposal that she work in the plantation, the thought doesn't appear to get a hesitation (Steinbeck 460). The possibility of a lady working in the plantation is excused on the reason that the plantation isn't a woman’s place. In Elisa’s account with the man in the wagon, her sexuality oozes in her realistic clarification of taking out the b loom buds and being under the stars, to the point that she genuinely contacts the man (Steinbeck 463). Her craving would go unsatisfied, as it would not be fitting for her to follow up on her motivation. Elisa is scanning for satisfaction throughout everyday life except sees her job as inconsequential. Interested by voyaging, as the man of honor in the wagon does, she states, â€Å"It must be pleasant. I wish ladies could do such things.† She is shot down as the man answers, â€Å"It ain’t the correct sort of a life for a woman† (Steinbeck 464). This discussion unmistakably delineates the pervasive imbalance of the genders. Besides, when the man leaves in the troop Elisa concretes her desire for something else, watching out at the skyline murmuring, â€Å"That’s a brilliant course. There’s a shining there† (Steinbeck 464-465).

Are You Ready to Go to College

Are You Ready to Go to College Are You Ready to Go to College? Home›Education Posts›Are You Ready to Go to College? Education PostsEvery student before going to college asks the same question, “Am I ready to go to college?”. The question is obvious as, from the very kindergarten, children are being convinced that college is a new stage in their life and this is the stage which presupposes the whole future. It is an expected reaction that many students being at the final grade in high schools feel uncomfortable and even fear when starting thinking about the choice of a college. College seems as something very serious, and the fear to make a mistake may prevent students from being happy. They ask themselves whether they have to go to college or they should postpone this decision and spend one year working. I also had to make this decision and it was very hard for me. I spent days going to and fro without any aim and thinking about an answer. Finally, I made a decision and now I am a graduate in one of the b est colleges in the country. I would like to share with you how I managed to reach the final decision and I hope my experience may help you make the right decision.Steps for deciding whether to attend a college or not1. Think about your future. Do you want to have a well-paid job? Do you want to have enough knowledge to do your favorite business without complications?2. Think about your present. Are you ready to make the first steps right now? Are you ready to change your life to be more educated?3. Think about your past. Did you think about going to college in the past? Did you wait for this moment when you could apply to college?If you answer ‘yes’ to any of the questions mentioned above, you are ready to go to college. Don’t be afraid of it; each freshman in college had the same fears as you have. Besides, it may be no as difficult as you think as there are many people and companies that will be happy to make your college life easier. For example, there are many custom writ ing companies that are ready to assist first year students such as qualitycustomessays.com.

Theme of Christmas in A Christmas Carol - Free Essay Example

When Christmas is near, everyone loves to listen to Christmas music, including the traditional carols. You usually hear it everywhere you go, but where did it originate from? Carols were first sung in Europe, but they were not quite like the ones we hear today. They werent even Christmas carols, they were pagan songs. For the Winter Solstice, Pagan songs were sung. People danced around stone circles to celebrate. Later on, Christians took over the pagan songs and changed them to be sung for Christmas as Christian songs. The Christian songs were sung in latin, which made it hard for people to understand and led to everyone not celebrating Christmas by the Middle Ages. During the Medieval times, the Christmas music was deep and spiritual and about Christ and the Virgin Mary. They were very solemn and religious compositions. It wasnt as much of the holiday joy and celebration as we know today. Only the rich could enjoy the musical art holiday carols in the 1400s and 1500s. When the 1600s came, a lot of the Christmas carols were banned. They thought of it as inappropriate towards the church. A lot of the classic carols from that time have now been forgotten. Later on in 1223, a man named St. Francis started Nativity Plays in Italy. Some of the carols were in Latin but most were in a language all could understand and actually enjoy. These new carols spread throughout European countries. An early carol that doesnt really exist anymore was written in 1410. That carol was about Mary and Jesus meeting others in Bethlehem. A lot of these carols were not true and were used for entertainment. Then travelers sang these songs in public and would change the words for the people wherever they went. Christmas carols and the celebration were soon put to a stop again when Oliver Cromwell and puritans took power of England. Luckily, people sang in private and the songs survived until victorian times when they could sing them again in public. Two men had collected Christmas music from villages of England and brought back the carols. However, before it was popular to sing in public, waits were who sang on Christmas Eve. They were a local band and were called waits because they had only sang on Christmas Eve and everyone had to wait to hear it. Celebrations of Christmas began once they sang. Also during this time, many people wanted to hear more Christmas music, so orchestras and choirs began to play in the cities of England. The victorian time was the rise for the popularity of carols. In England and northern European countries, caroling wasnt as much of a religious celebration. Caroling was a celebratory act of the singers drinking too much of their favorite holiday drink. Then in the 1900s, caroling was for charity and not just the treats and warm drinks they received. Now a lot of the carolers we hear today are from their local church or organization. The most famous carol service is held at the Kings College in Cambridge, UK called The Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols. It was created in 1880 by a bishop named Edward Benson. The first one was held in a temporary Cathedral on Christmas Eve. This soon began to spread in the UK after hearing the choir sing at the Kings College in Cambridge. One of the first performances was performed to celebrate the end of the first World War. The college dean had been in the army and thought of it as a positive way to celebrate Christmas and the end of the War. One famous carol, I Saw Three Ships, is a traditional English folk song. The words were written by traveling minstrels in the Middle Ages. Throughout time the words have changed with different Bible characters being on the ships. Today, the song is mainly about Mary and Jesus traveling to Bethlehem. Another carol is Silent Night. The words were written in 1816 by a Priest in Austria. The music was later added in 1818 by a school teacher. It was performed for a Christmas service by the children of St.Nicholas Church. It was originally supposed to be accompanied by an organ, but the organ broke, so they had to accompany the song with a guitar at the service. The words were also originally German, but were later translated to English in 1863. A tradition in Austria, Belgium, and Germany is that the children dress up as The Three Kings. They carry a star and a pole and go around singing religious songs and carols. They recieve gifts such as sweets and money, which goes to charity and their church. Two traditions of singing and visiting were first merged from Victorian England. Festivals were held for the Christmas celebration. We now to this day have our own traditions that we use every year. Everyone has their own, but the thing that has stuck the most, and most everyone loves is caroling, whether it be for school, a choir, or an organization. The songs have transformed from not being about Christmas, to being in different languages, and have traveled all over the world. They used to be hymns in Latin and are now holly jolly Christmas songs we love today. Many people dont know the great significance and the creation of carols.

The Great Philosophies From The 19th Century - 1386 Words

Brandon Letts Mr. Mykytyn HZT 4U1 - 02 17 Friday 2016 One of the greatest philosophies from the 19th century was Karl Marx. The German native born May 5 1818 was known for his works as not only a philosopher but an economist, journalist revolutionary socialist and sociologist. Marx’s different varieties of work influenced his understanding of society and and the economy during his time period. Once Marx got older, he moved to London England where he progressed his ideas and even collaborate with Friedrich Engels with whom he published numerous works. Marx’s most well known piece of work is The Communist Manifesto, which discusses his theories about society, economics and politics , together known as Marxism. Through this pamphlet, it highlights the problem of oppression the working class faces. Has a large effect on the revolution following its publication. Became a foundation for organizations, influenced other radicals and subsequently influx and Communist literature. This specific piece of work no t only shocked the society during this time but educated people on the system they were living in. To begin with, Marx within The Communist Manifesto highlights the oppression of the proletariat class so this specific group of people could be conscious of their status and come together to unite as one. This is done through the way Marx discusses the history of classes and their struggle with one another. Marx states in the first section of his bookShow MoreRelatedHistory of Modern Psychology836 Words   |  4 PagesBefore psychology officially became a science, many great intellectuals of previous centuries had contributed to the philosophy behind psychology. This philosophy can be trace back to the times of the Greeks, middle ages, and the renaissance period. However, the link between philosophy and modern psychology became possible in the late 18th and early 19th century. Between 18th and early 19th century there was a new enlightenment occurring in philosophy, and questions regarding human behavior, mind, andRead MoreSoren Kierkegaard Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesProject : Soren Kierkegaard: Mega Mind of the 19th Century Soren Kierkegaard: Mega Mind of the 19th Century As a man whose work spans across areas such as philosophy, theology, devotional literature, and more, Soren Kierkegaard is considered one of the mega-minds of philosophy and the 19th century. He was influenced by many people throughout his life, as well as influencing many people himself. With works that ranged from religious views all the way to developing a â€Å"new† way to view our surroundingsRead MoreSocial Norms Of Age Of Enlightenment1129 Words   |  5 PagesSection 1 Answer 2 In the 19th century, a period called Romanticism started in the European continent. This period consisted of art, literature, poetry, philosophy and scientific thought. It played a major role in historiography, education and natural sciences. It evolved from a partly reaction of the Industrial Revolution where the social norms of Age of Enlightenment and scientific rationalization of nature was created. This period tried to make a great effect on the political backgrounds as theRead More The 19th Century Aesthetic Movement Essay947 Words   |  4 PagesThe 19th Century Aesthetic Movement The Arts and Crafts Movement is the main line of reform design in the 19th century that defines the period of its greatest development, roughly between 1875-1920. The Aesthetic Movement and Art Nouveau, whose roots were in the reaction to the Industrial Revolution in England in the middle of the 19th century, are the two major stylistic developments of this Movement’s philosophy (A Thing of Beauty 9). The term Aesthetic Movement refers to the introductionRead MoreComparative Art: A Progression from Realism to Impressionism1352 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Realism to Impressionism 1 Realism to Impressionism: A Progression The 19th century was a time of radical change and innovation in nearly every aspect of society. The Industrial Revolution changed the face of transportation, business, and science. A race for resources and power among European nations led to colonization of the most remote areas of the world. Old political structures stumbled while new ones like Communism took root. The arts were not immune to this climate of change. LiteratureRead MoreThe Representation Of The Corporate Social Decisions And Activities1504 Words   |  7 PagesDEVELOPMENT OF CSR IN THE WORLDWIDE 5.1 The 19th century In the late 19th century, after the wold experienced the industrial revolution, large amount of managers believed and performance the Darwinism social philosophy, this philosophy believed the nature would select the general regulations and principles and the fittest company would survival in the society (Barnett, 2007). This philosophy are usually be considered as a brutal philosophy, because of this philosophy encourage the company competition butRead MoreEssay on Western Civilization1179 Words   |  5 Pageswill discuss these concepts within the countries of England, France, and Russia, and show my point of view on each. Religion was very dominant throughout the early history in England, especially during the 16th and 17th centuries. This started to change during the late 17th century, when people started focusing more on human reason rather than religion. One of the reasons that people started losing their faith in the church is because of how the bishops were picked, and how the church itself was generallyRead MoreBlack Americans And The Civil War Essay961 Words   |  4 Pagestime, Black Americans were left reeling from the aftermath of the Civil War, and Reconstruction inadequate attempt to right the wrongs of history. They also faced the horror and humiliation of Jim Crow, the terror of the Ku Klux Klan and other like-minded organizations, and the weight of oppressive legislation. These challenges resided in the consciousness of Black Americans at the turn of the 19th century, and carried on into the 20th century. The 20th century is referred to as the Age of Quest. BlackRead MoreThe First Half Of The 19th Century1497 Words   |  6 Pages e first half of the 19th century was a time of growth and change in America. The population was increasing at a steady rate. This was mainly because of immigration. In 1790 the population was 4 million by 1840 it was 17 million. Economic growth was also proceeding at a very fast pace, as the beginning of the Industrial Revolution began to take place. The 19th century was also the start of the Women’s Rights Movement. Individualism started to become a main focus for a group that was very importantRead MoreKarl Marx And Mill Had A Great Impact With Their Work Influencing New Generations Of Thinkers1509 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed by many philosophers during the 19th century all around the world, particularly in Europe were many great philosophers came to this world with many ideas and political philosophies in how the individual has to be treated in order to satisfy its necessities and the necessities of its family. Freedom, alienation and many others factors were many of th e threats that society was going through in the 19th century. Philosophers like Marx and Mill had a great impact with their work influencing new

Home Energy Conservation - 3185 Words

Home Energy Conservation So you think the cost of gas is outrageous? Most Americans do. The controversies in the Middle East and recent environmental disasters have made the cost of many natural resources, like oil, sky rocket. So imagine the amount of oil needed to power your car and compare that to the amount of oil needed to heat your home. Home energy conservation is a way that Americans can counter-act the estimated high costs to heat, cool or light their residence. In the ‘old days’ energy conservation was as simple turning off a light when you left a room, or setting a timer on your thermostat to regulate when your heat or air conditioning came on. These techniques are still valuable but America, and the world, has taken a more†¦show more content†¦More effective response to the challenges of increasing complexity in NRM requires a shift in thinking from the linearity of research–extension–farmer to alternative, multiple-actor institutional arrangements and inno vation systems. To overcome the weak attribution of research outcomes to actual impact, it also suggests an alternative to conventional impact assessment in natural resource management interventions. (Environment, 2007) Economic Issues Geothermal energy uses the natural heat beneath the earth’s surface. In home and commercial installations geothermal systems can provide effective heating and cooling abilities. The system relies on the average 50 degree temperature of the earth’s soil below the frost line. The depth of this temperature is usually found at about 6 to 10 feet below the surface. The system provides both heating and cooling abilities by transferring heat energy through water exchange. Water filled coils are buried at a specified depth in the soil (Hefler, 2007). Depending upon whether heating or cooling is needed the system either absorbs heat from the earth or dissipates heat into the soil via the water filled tubes. Advantages of Geothermal Energy Production There are some key advantages to geothermal energy production. One advantage is that a single system can provide both heatingShow MoreRelatedEnergy Conservation at Home1164 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is energy? Where does it come from? And how do we pay for it? When you learn the answers to these questions, you can also learn how to live more efficiently in your home. In this article, we ll discuss how to be smart about how you use energy, how to know when to turn electrical power on and off, and how to use natural gas, propane, and fuel oil in the most effective way. Basic Concepts of Energy Efficiency You can make a lot of progress toward improving the energy efficiency in yourRead MoreDesign And Design Of A Green Building Fundementals 111066 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' TABLE OF CONTENTS DESIGN BRIEF 3 PASSIVE DESIGN FEATURES 3 ACHIEVING PLANNING REGULATIONS 7 GREEN BUILDING FUNDEMENTALS 11 Embodied Energy Assessment 11 Potable Water Conservation/ Recycling Features 12 Rain Water Harvesting 13 Operational Energy Conservation Strategies 15 STRUCTURAL DESIGN 16 Structural Design Philosophy 16 Critical/Preliminary Member Sizes 17 REFERENCES 20 HOUSE DRAWINGS 25 PD1 – INTERIOR LAYOUT DESIGN Read MoreBenefits Of Non Renewable Energy788 Words   |  4 PagesNon-Renewable energy is the energy which is taken from the sources that are available on the earth in limited quantity and will vanish fifty-sixty years from now. Non-renewable sources aren’t friendly to the environment and can have serious impacts on people’s health. They’re called non-renewable because they can’t be generated again within a small amount of time. Non-renewable sources are existent in the form of fossil fuels, natural gas, oil and coal. Now, just like Renewable sources do, Non-RenewableRead MoreJustification And Relevance Of Lesson Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesJustification and Relevance of Lesson Energy is the ability to do work. It has the potential to make changes, and any changes are due to work being done. This is significant because work can generate energy, and energy itself can do work (i.e., work done on windmills by the wind produces energy, and energy is used in homes to do work). Standards and Learning Objectives Content Learning Standards (s) HS-PS3-1: Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a systemRead MoreEnergy Resouce Plan1122 Words   |  5 PagesEnergy Resource Plan (Conservation) Kasandra Hunter SCI 275 08/29/2010 Cindy Hall Energy Resource Plan (Conservation) You are a board member of your Home Owner’s Association. At your next meeting, your goal is to educate other homeowners about energy conservation. †¢ Review the following Energy Resource Plan outline: †¢ Introduction: †¢ Provide information about why conserving energy is important. †¢ Renewable versus Nonrenewable †¢ Briefly distinguish between these two typesRead MoreRenewable Energy1734 Words   |  7 PagesNon renewable energy sources are becoming harder to find and with that being said, these resources are more expensive. So what will we do when these resources are no longer here on earth for use to use? Many people are looking for and testing new forms of materials that we can use for energy. These sources are called renewable energy sources. Throughout the paper you will read about non renewable energy sources and the small supply that we have left, humans influences on theses non renewable resourcesRead Moreaqfafasfaf Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology Program is and what it aims to do. Who participates? (2pts) http://www.climatetechnology.gov/   A web-based, interactive database of United States that promotes use of better systems and ideas to help make the world a a cleaner and more energy efficient place for the future. 5. What is the US Policy on International Cooperation? (Click on â€Å"International Partnerships†. It’s on the left hand side of the page.) What level of government directs our participation in the program? (2pts) http://wwwRead MoreMEAL or Michigan Energy Alternatives Helps Millions of People1708 Words   |  7 PagesFor more than 20 years Michigan Energy Alternatives (MEAL for short), has helped and assisted more than three million people in Michigan live more sustainable lives by adopting renewable energy, conserve energy, reduce greenhouse gases, all while saving them money. Our company excels in education about energy efficiency, along with hands on improvements for your home or business. Our services include house and business energy audits; weatherization and expertise in building green. We also hold educationalRead MoreEnvironmental Characteristics of Net Zero 720 Words   |  3 Pagescharacteristics of Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) 1000 words research es say A net zero energy building has a system to immensely reduce the total energy of a building by implementing energy efficient technologies which gives counterbalance to the functional energy needs supportive with renewable energy thus reducing the total energy consumption to roughly zero. Zero energy buildings have certain characteristics, such as effective thermal insulation, using renewable energy and using important passiveRead MoreCirque Du Soleil s Environmental Impact On Climate Change970 Words   |  4 PagesLiving a sustainable lifestyle helps cut down or reduce global footprint. To overcome this challenge by year the 2020, sustainability leaders at Cirque du Soleil need to help employees in the organization live sustainable lifestyles such as energy and paper conservation. The cirque leaders can achieve this through sharing current knowledge (through training), mentoring, and transparency. Cirque du Soleil is an entertainment company with a huge number of employees. The company’s employees are close to 4

Sophocles’ Oedipus the King and the Human Condition Essay

Sophocles’ Oedipus the King and the Human Condition Oedipus is living in a dream from which he is only just beginning to awake. In this dream, he not only believes that he is in control of his own fate but that he is in control of his own identity. He assumes that he has three virtues: wisdom, reason, and self-control. When he attempts to use these virtues, however, he discovers that he is mistaken on all three counts. His first mistake is believing that he is wise. From this wisdom he hopes to maintain control over the events around him, but true wisdom is actually surrendering to the fact that control is an illusion, a seeming. His second mistake is believing that he is a rational man. Indeed, Oedipus has great cognitive†¦show more content†¦He, not Teresias, can see what is good and what is bad, who is innocent and who is guilty, which is the correct answer and which answer contradicts itself. Of course, all of these beliefs will come to haunt Oedipus. In arguing with Teresias, Oedipus claims that the truth has no strength / for you because you are blind in mind and ears / as well as in your eyes . . . [unlike] me or any other who sees the light (26). Oedipus believes that his powers of insight will lead him to the truth and guide him down the correct path, but in fact, he is like a man who studies the ground so intensely right in front of him that he never bothers to look up. The actions that he thought were good will turn out to be bad. He professes his innocence only to discover his guilt. And, in what might be the greatest piece of irony, his cleverness and insight lead him to a contradictory truth—that he, with all his intelligence, is a fool. Oedipus has spent a lifetime looking out, garnishing cognitive power and insight, but now it is time for Oedipus to look inward. We are all blind to the truth until we have the strength to blind ourselves, to start over by seeing the world in whole new way. Oedipus is blind, not only in mind, but also in ears. He has proven himself to be a man who can listen carefully, but when he becomes angry he cannot hear anyone’s views but his own. His ability to reason, his second great virtue, falls victim to hisShow MoreRelatedThe Riddle Of The Sphinx : How Oedipus Was Destroyed By Knowledge1364 Words   |  6 PagesRiddle of the Sphinx: How Oedipus was Destroyed by Knowledge Tiresias the prophet questions the value of pursuing knowledge and Oedipus angrily respond to his questions: OEDIPUS. Thou lov st to speak in riddles and dark words. TEIRESIAS. In reading riddles who so skilled as thou? OEDIPUS. Twit me with that wherein my greatness lies. TEIRESIAS. And yet this very greatness proved thy bane (Sophocles 439-442). Throughout Sophocles’s great work, Oedipus the King, Sophocles raises questions regardingRead MoreThe Classical Tragedy Of Sophocles Oedipus The King950 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Greece’s Golden Age introduced many excellent playwrights, all of whom contributed to the success of Greek Literature† (sites.google/ Playwrights of the Golden Age). Sophocles, the author of the classic tragedy, Oedipus the King, was one of the three best play writers during that time frame. Born in 495 B.C., Sophocles â€Å"lived for nearly ninety years through the most of the turbulent events of his country during the fifteenth century B.C.† (Charters and Charters). He was born in Colonus, not farRead More The Iron Hand of Dramatic Irony Essay1571 Words   |  7 PagesThe Iron Hand of Dramatic Irony Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus is considered by many scholars to be the most significant masterpiece of Greek drama. Through Oedipus Tyrannus, Sophocles is able to develop and establish dramatic irony, a theatrical device that allows the audience to understand the hidden meanings of the words and actions of the characters, though the characters themselves remain oblivious. Therefore, the behavior of the characters become ironic because they are unable toRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1445 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough not all who wander or deviate from the path are lost, some clearly are. When Oedipus, the eponymous character of Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex, first learns that he is destined to kill his father and marry his mother, he abandons his home intent on never returning in order to avoid meeting his fate. Unbeknownst to the tragic hero, before the curtain’s rise, the prophecy has already been fulfilled. Consequently, due to the underlying corruption in Thebes, the people are perishing of a plagueRead MoreEssay on Oedipus the King: A Classic Tragedy1003 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus the King, a Classic Tragedy Aristotle, in his work The Poetics, tries to delineate the idea of a tragedy. Throughout his work Aristotle says that the hero, or at least the protagonist in a tragedy must be substantially good, almost godlike. This hero must bring upon themselves their downfall, due to their fatal flaw. If the hero is not at a high point, an audience will not care about them, and won’t notice their fall. One must fall a long way in social class in order for it to be noticedRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King884 Words   |  4 PagesKing of Thebes, owner of a family tree that identically resembles Medusa on a bad hair day, and the inspiration for a psychologically-riveting complex, Oedipus, tragic hero of Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, exposes troubling truths about the human condition and, acting as an exemplary precaution for the entirety of humanity, demonstrates how a self-destructive struggle between love, anger, and fate, conveyed through an unorthodox love affair between mothe r and son (Who gets custody in a divorce?),Read MoreOedipus Rex: Imagery of Blindness and Sight as a Medium to the Themes1218 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play, Oedipus Rex, written by Sophocles, an honourable and admirable Greek king named Oedipus rules the town of Thebes. He is left in mental turmoil and decay as his unknown, corrupt and immoral past is slowly revealed during his quest to find the culprit who murdered King Laius. The newly exposed past suddenly transforms his glory and respect into shame and humiliation. After he learns about his wicked past he stabs his eyes, which lead to his blindness. During the course of the play, referencesRead More Blindness and Sight - Sight Versus Insight in Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)1357 Words   |  6 PagesSight Versus Insight in Oedipus the King      Ã‚  Ã‚   Anyone who has common sense will remember that the bewilderments of the eye are of two kinds, and arise from two causes, either from coming out of the light or from going into the light,which is true of the minds eye, quite as much as the bodily eye; and he who remembers this when he sees anyone whose vision is perplexed and weak, will not be too ready to laugh; he will ask whether that soul of man has come out of the brighter life, and is unableRead MoreOedipus the King and The Tragedy of King Lear Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesSophocles’ Oedipus Rex and William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of King Lear One of the key themes in both Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of King Lear and Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex is the importance of having a good understanding of our condition as human beings – knowing ourselves, the world that surrounds us and our place in it. At the same time, however, both authors recognize the fact that blindness to this knowledge of the human condition is a basic mortal trait. Thus, before we can have anRead MoreCompare and Contrast Othello and Waiting for Godot Plays Essay1104 Words   |  5 Pages4/25/13 Oedipus the king is a representative of ancient Greek drama by Sophocles. The Latin title of the play is Oedipus Rex. Though produced as the second play in the three sequences of Theban plays by Sophocles, it finds its way at the top of the sequence as a result of internal chronology. The next play in the sequence is Oedipus at colonus and finally Antigone. The play is an excellent example of Greek tragic plays (Bloom, 51). Waiting for Godot is a play by Samuel Beckett, an Irish who won

Venezuela Food Security Speech World Vision - 1225 Words

Venezuela Food Security Speech World Vision is an international aid organisation and in my role for this organisation I have been assigned the country of Venezuela to work in partnership with the community to reduce food insecurity. I’ve investigated the challenges that have led to food insecurity in Venezuela and evaluated two possible methods for food security to be improved. Venezuela is located in Northern country of South America and has a total area of 916 445 square kilometres and has a moderate. Rainfall varies between 430 millimetres in the north and over 1000millimetres in the Amazon jungle to the south (Countrystudies, 2014). The estimated population is approximately 29.1 million people. The majority of people are urban dwellers with the capital being Caracas which is the largest city is Venezuela (Anaylsis, 2013). Spanish is the main languages with 92% of the population are Roman Catholic (Infoplease, 2014). Intensive agriculture in Venezuela has a much smaller share of the economy than in any other Latin- American Countries. The country imports most of its food, primarily from Columbia and the United States. Venezuela does not have the rich soil of numerous other Latin-American countries and in 2014 only 3% of the land area is used for crops. The main crops produce are sugarcane, rice, corn and sorghum and the chief fruits are bananas, oranges, coconuts and mango (indexmundi, 2014). Challenges that led the country to food insecurity is thatShow MoreRelatedIlly6784 Words   |  28 Pages Executive summary: The main purpose of the following report is to provide information about the profile of The Bolivarian Republican of Venezuela; in order to study the current situation of the country for further investigations in the future that may help to understand the opportunities and risk involve in importing and opening new markets in Venezuela. The analysis includes reviews and an extensive research about: First the geography and global information to introduce the country; secondRead MoreThe Bull Moose3345 Words   |  14 Pagesconstantly ill with chronic asthma attacks, and he had to be homeschooled by his mother, his aunt, and a French governess because of this. Despite his chronic asthma attacks, he remained a very active child, intrigued by the wonders and quirks of the world outside. His love of nature and learning came together as he studied dead specimen. Being outdoors in the country helped him breathe after his horrible asthma attacks. His brother and sisters also had recurring illnesses, and Theodore worried he wouldRead MoreKfc Marketing Strategies20155 Words   |  81 Pagesthe franchisee s name and phone number are listed in the FDDs. How much money will I make? What will be my profit percentage? What are the profit margins of other franchisees? What kind of return on my investment may I expect? How much will food and supplies cost? What suppliers should I use? You are required to purchase supplies from approved suppliers only. KFC will provide you with a list of approved suppliers. KFC provides some key cost information in Item 19 in the FDD. The United FoodserviceRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pages The global financial crisis and economic recession have challenged some assumptions about globalization and economic integration, but they have also underscored the interconnected nature of global economies. Most countries and regions around the world are inextricably linked, yet profound differences in institutional and cultural environments persist. The challenges for international management reflect this dynamism and the increasing unpredictability of global economic and political events. ContinuedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages310 SKILL PRACTICE 311 Exercise for Gaining Power 311 Repairing Power Failures in Management Circuits 311 Exercise for Using Influence Effectively 312 Ann Lyman’s Proposal 313 Exercises for Neutralizing Unwanted Influence Attempts 314 Cindy’s Fast Foods 314 9:00 to 7:30 315 x CONTENTS SKILL APPLICATION 317 Activities for Gaining Power and Influence Suggested Assignments 317 Application Plan and Evaluation 318 317 SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA 319 Gaining Power and Influence 319 ScoringRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesFeigenbaum−Feigenbaum: The Power of Management Capitol 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy Text  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 3 the strong business growth of pacesetter companies in the United States and throughout the world? How can companies renew and sustain those factors in the face of the business slowdowns and major fluctuations that challenge the longterm continuation of profitable earnings? As we continue to experience the twenty-first century’s economic, socialRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesLinda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Read Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesThe City University of New York Rebeca Valdivia, WestEd Ann-Marie Wiese, WestEd Marlene Zepeda, California State University, Los Angeles Universal Design Advisers Maurine Ballard-Rosa, California State University, Sacramento Meryl Berk, Vision Consultant, Early Education Programs Services, San Diego County Office of Education Linda Brault, WestEd California Department of Education Thanks are also extended to the follow ­ ing staff members: Gavin Payne, Chief Deputy Superintendent;Read MorePrinciples of Management: MCQ31501 Words   |  127 Pages d. statistical reformulation (b; easy; p. 34) 52. The quantitative approach evolved from the development of mathematical and statistical solutions to ______________. a. waiting line problems at fast-food restaurants in the 1960s b. military problems in World War II c. clogged telephone circuits during the 1930s d. production management problems in the 1950s (b; easy; p. 34) 53. The quantitative approach involves applications of _______________. Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesrespectively, and have been widely translated. In 1992 Professor Hartley wrote Business Ethics: Violations of the Public Trust. Business Ethics Mistakes and Successes was published in 2005. He is listed in Who’s Who in America, and Who’s Who in the World. vii This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface About the Author Chapter 1 Introduction PART I ENTREPRENEURIAL ADVENTURES Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Google: An Entrepreneurial Juggernaut Starbucks: A Paragon

General Haig Free Essays

Did General Haig Deserve To Be The Butcher of the Somme In June 1914 a Serb assassinated Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of the Austrian Empire. Austria decided to take revenge against Serbia and invaded. However, Serbia had an alliance with Russia, and Russia with France. We will write a custom essay sample on General Haig or any similar topic only for you Order Now Germany came to the aid of Austria. One by one, the powers of Europe were pulled into war by their alliances. This source is taken from a book called â€Å"Investing History a World Study By 1916†. The French were fighting at Verdun for 2 years in trench warfare and no one was winning. The French were on the brink of defeat so they asked the British could they attack on the Somme Valley to give the French some breathing space. The British bombarded the German trenches for 7 days non-stop. Over 3 million shells hit the German trenches. However the Germans built underground bunkers made out of concrete. On July 1st 1916 the first waves of the British soldiers went over the top and were ordered to walk to the German trenches at walking pace thinking that all of the Germans were dead when the bombardment stoped however then the Germans came out of the bunkers and shot the British down with machine guns. On the first day of the battle 20,000 British soldiers were killed and 30,000 soldiers were injured or wounded. Sir General Haig was in charge of the British at the time. People think that Haig should be remembered as the â€Å"butcher of the Somme† because he sent thousands of British soldiers to their deaths. Some people thought that Haig was a donkey leading lions. Over 1 million men volunteered to fight in 1914 thinking it would be over by Christmas but the battle of the Somme kept going until November 1916 the battle lasted five months. By the time the battle ended 420,000 British soldiers were dead. It was the biggest British military disaster in British history, based on British and German first hand accounts on the battle. The other interpretation of Haig is that he was just doing his job because he was just sending men as he was ordered to do. Source 1A is a valid source to find out the truth about General Haig because a private Fred Pearson on the Western Front, was commented On Haig in a local newspaper in 1966 and he said â€Å"The biggest murderer in the Somme of the lot was Haig I’m very bitter; always have been and always will be and everybody else that knew him. He lived 50 kilometres behind the line and that’s about as near as he got. I don’t think he knew what a trench life was like and they made him an earl and gave him ? 100,000. I know what I’d given him. I think this is reliable because the person who wrote this source is that he was there on the western front and he experienced what the war was like and what Haig was doing. Source 1B and source 2 is good to find out the fact that General Haig was a butcher of the Somme. P. Smith, a private in the 1st border regiment fighting on the Somme, writing in his diary July 1916. Said, â€Å"It was pure bloody murder. Douglas Haig should have been hung drawn and quartered for what he did on the Somme. What this means is that Haig sent Millions of the young generation to their deaths and no one had really to replace them in their villages or towns. The cream of British manhood was shattered in less than six hours. This is reliable and useful because Private P. Smith was actually there at the battle of the Somme and he saw thousands of friends, family, killed and he foresaw Haig’s doing. Haig was a second-rate commander in a unparalleled and unforeseen circumstances. He was not endowed with any of the elements of imagination and vision and he certainly had none of that personal magnetism which has enabled great leaders of men to inspire multitudes with courage, faith and a spirit of sacrifice he was incapable of planning vast campaigns on the scale demanded on so immense a battle†. This was written by David Lloyd George, British Prime Minster duri ng the First World War, writing in his War Memoirs (1935). This is reliable because Source 6 is valid information about finding the truth about Haig because it’s a cartoon and in it the major general is addressing the men before an attack behind the lines. â€Å" I want you to understand that there is a difference between a rehearsal and the real thing. There are three essential differences: first, the absence of the enemy. Now turning to the Regimental Sergeant- Major what is the second difference? † Sergeant Major. † The absence of the General, Sir. † This source was written in a cartoon to make fun out of the generals as seen in the cartoon. It was written in (February 1917) a cartoon from the British satirical magazine punch. Source 7 is a good evidence to find out the truth about Haig because in this source Blackadder is trying to change General Haig’s mind about going over the top but Haig doesn’t change his mind. [This is taken from the BBC TV comedy series, Blackadder, which continually portrayed Haig and the generals as fools and murders. In this scene Blackadder is trying to persuade Haig to get him sent home while Haig plays games with toy British soldiers. The series was broadcast in the 1990s. ] I’ am now going to look at source 8 in this source John Laffin writing in his history book How to cite General Haig, Essay examples

Personal Development Planning Presentation London

Question: Discuss about the Report on Personal Development Planning Presentation? Answer: Introduction: London is positively a good place for the students to study. Many students want to do their higher studies in London city as there are many good institutes. In this presentation, we will discuss the benefits of studying and then working in London city. The benefits are; social benefits, professional benefits and also the language and the learning benefits for the students who are planning or pursuing graduations in the London city. Although staying and studying in London city is much expensive than other cities, but at the same time the students can also arrange for the education loan. Student's life in the London City is much different from the other cities. The social Benefits for the students of studying and working in London: The main or the major problems that are facing the students, while they are choosing the institutes, as there are many institutes in different parts of the London City. The selection of the institutes is not only the problem but also the cost of the courses can also be the problems for the students (Maj et al., 2014). The social benefits are also there to study in London, social benefits like getting a discount for the students, and there are also many nightclubs in the London city run by the students. The general students can also enjoy the nightlife in London with lower cost as the many of the night clubs are running by the students union. The other benefits like, the students in the London city can also earn extra money by doing part-time, as there are many places where the students can earn extra income (Hotta, Tajika and Neumann, 2014). The other social benefits like the transportation cost and the network of the transportation are affordable for the students in London city. The places like; food market, shopping centers, night clubs are situated nearby with some of the institutes in London, so in it won't be difficult for the students to reach in those place from the institutes. Many universities like Royal Holloway and Brunel University which are the parts of London University are actuality outside of the main town, so the students can also think to come to the proper London city for higher education (Ganotice and King, 2013). The students of the London city those who are pursuing the graduation course are getting jobs in the multinational companies like HSBC bank, BSkyB and many others. So we can say that London is the city where there are huge options for the graduate students. If the students of the university work hard and sincerely, then they can get many options to choose their specialization area for working. That is why the students like to study and to work in the London city, as they are getting many exposures in the city (Domosh, 2014). The financial and the professional benefits for the students in London city: The financial benefits for the students in London city like students discounts are available in various parts of the city. The students can avail these benefits by showing their institutional identity card if different places. The institutes of the London city provide various types of courses to the students, so the students can select the topic or specialization subjects according to the choice of the students. The students can learn about the corporate financial tools and techniques and apply these techniques to the practical life in the corporate market. Apart from that there are many night clubs that are running by the students union, and they are taking fewer prices than that of other night clubs. So the students can enjoy the night clubs with a lower price (Mollan and Michie, 2012). The financial benefits also regarding the transportation of the students of the London, as there are many buses runs 24 hours in the London city, which takes fewer prices from the students. The students hardly need the taxi for traveling from one part to another. As the buses run their business 24 hours, so it also benefits the students that they can also travel by in the night as well (Pink and Sandvall, 2013). The professional benefits for the student in London like; getting many exposures in the market regarding their job. The students from the London University getting the job offers from the multinational companies like HSBC, Penguin, etc. within the London city. The students are also getting the chance to know about the global market, which will help them in the future when they will join any multinational company. Studying in London is like having many options on hand for the students. The institutes are also offering many courses like; finance, marketing, HR, etc.; so the students can select the courses with their choices (Young and Dean, 2015). The language and learning benefits of studying and working in London: In London city the most spoken language is English, so the students like to speak in English. The education system of London city is very advanced than other cities so that the students can get the advantages regarding this system. Almost all the countries are adapting the American pattern of English because this is one of the best English accents in the world. In case of London city, the local people and the students only speak in Londoners English as this English accent is related to the culture of the London. In every institutes of the London city only follow the Londoners English for the study purpose and for the general purpose, so this is the benefits for the students in the London city that they are using Londoners English accents, which will help them in the future. The working places in the London city are also using this English accent for the general speaking purpose (Mella, 2014). All the institutes in the London city try to teach the English language properly to the students so that every student learns Londoners English (Andrade, 2014). During the time job interview, every multinational company follows the Londoners English for communication purpose with the students. The students learn so many things while studying in London city, which can help them in various ways. The teaching styles are also very good; the teachers try to go o the depth of the course to make the students understand the whole thing (Feldman, 2015). The students those who have done the graduates from the London city can get so many benefits while working in the multicultural environment, as in the time of the study they get full preparation from the universities. Conclusion: London is a good place for the students to study. The students of the London city are those who are pursuing their courses are getting many benefits from the London city. The benefits like; social benefits; financial and professional benefits and language benefits. We have also seen that the students are getting many exposures regarding their job within the London city. Though a city like London is very expensive for doing a study, but there are many benefits for the students. The students can use these benefits for various purposes, for example if the student goes to the night clubs than students discount there and many more like travelling purpose, etc. Student's life in the London City is much different from the other cities. So, we can say that these benefits make the students life easy for studying and working in London city, and thus the students like to study and work in the London City. References Andrade, M., 2014. Course-embedded student support for online English language learners. Open Praxis, 6(1). Domosh, M., 2014. Recognizing the Work of Graduate Students. AAG Newsletter. Feldman, H., 2015. Studying the mechanisms of language learning by varying the learning environment and the learner. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, pp.1-2. Ganotice, F. and King, R., 2013. Social Influences on Students Academic Engagement and Science Achievement. Psychol Stud, 59(1), pp.30-35. Hotta, C., Tajika, H. and Neumann, E., 2014. Students Free Studying After Training with Instructions about the Mnemonic Benefits of Testing. International Journal of Advances in Psychology, 3(4), p.127. Maj, G., Melisurgo, G., De Bonis, M. and Pappalardo, F., 2014. ECLS management in pulmonary embolism with cardiac arrest: Which strategy is better?. Resuscitation, 85(10), pp.e175-e176. Mella, P., 2014. The Pillars of Learning, Understanding, Studying and Explaining. Creative Education, 05(17), pp.1615-1628. Mollan, S. and Michie, R., 2012. The City of London as an International Commercial and Financial Center since 1900. Enterprise and Society, 13(3), pp.538-587. Pink, A. and Sandvall, H., 2013. Report from Doctoral Students Study Day UCL, London. JRFF, 3(1). Young, D. and Dean, L., 2015. Validation of Subject Areas of CAS Professional Studies Standards for Masters Level Student Affairs Professional Preparation Programs. Journal of College Student Development, 56(4), pp.386-391.

Qualities of an Effective Leader Essays - , Term Papers

Qualities of an Effective Leader To begin with, leadership is a quality which cannot be acquired by any person from the other but it can be acquired by self-determination of a person. It can best be called the personality of the very highest ability-whether in ruling, thinking, imagining, innovation, warring, or religious influencing. The most important qualities which a leader should possess are intelligence and alertness. A leader has to use his/her brain every time and also has to remain alert with eyes and ears open otherwise he/she could easily be carried by any enemy. For instance, an Army Officer who leads his soldiers as to apply his brain every second and has to be attentive while marching ahead. Therefore, we can say intelligence and alertness are the indispensable qualities of a leader. Moreover, a professional leader should also be an optimist having a positive attitude and should not think negatively or plan something showing negative attitude because it will affect his followers too. Also, a leader should always be courageous and should have the courage to face the problems and solving them by himself instead of blaming and embarrassing others. Furthermore, a self controlled leader is able to control his/her emotions and act professionally as required which is the key for being a good leader. As well as that, sense of justice is a major quality that any leader should posses because without a sense of fairness and justice, no leader can command and retain the respect of his followers. From my point of view, I think one of the most affective leaders that I admire nowadays is the actress, humanitarian, women's rights activist and the UN's ambassador, Angelina Jolie. She has visited over 30 countries and even risked her life to save and support those in need. Also, she focused on many important causes such as, refugees problems, poverty, sexual-assault victims, kids in need of defense and supported women's rights. To sum up, I think that a great leader is a person who has the power to change the world and people's lives. A person who is a giver instead of a receiver and someone who sacrifices in order to serve others and lead wisely.

Jamestown DBQ Sample Essay

Jamestown DBQ Sample EssayJamestown DBQ sample essay is composed of twenty-five to thirty-five pages and may be used to obtain the degree requirement for any of the universities that Jamestown Community College accepts. It is worth mentioning that the DBQ must be completed under the supervision of an instructor. Many students of the college have obtained a waiver from this requirement due to the flexible nature of the degree program.The primary purpose of this essay is to prepare students to take a DBNF, the Diplomas for Nursing, BSN, and BSN-MSN program. DBQ samples are basically individual studies at home with guidance of an instructor or a tutor.This is also a requirement that must be fulfilled in order to successfully complete an approved Jamestown DBQ sample essay. The material of the DBQ consists of lectures on health sciences and physiology, outlines of labs and tests, literature review, laboratory procedures, laboratory reports, lab reports, other study materials, medical ter minology and terms used in the written assignments, and laboratory work. The parts of the assignment are normally based on what the instructors assign the students.DBQ is not an easy course to complete, although it is quite challenging in nature. The course gives the students the ability to analyze medical records, analyze physiological conditions, conduct laboratory investigations, and review published reports. Several student sample essays are available on the web to get a better idea of what is expected of the students.The first part of the written assignment deals with a general question as well as the required answer. The student must not include anything personal in his/her answers. The entire problem statement and definition must be from the assigned book. The necessary laboratory equipment is to be purchased and the students should be able to acquire all necessary information within the given time frame.The second part of the written assignment consists of two to three short essays. These are on subjects such as how one can become proficient in the field of medicine and how the student can gain credibility in the field of medicine. The student may use his/her knowledge of biology and chemistry to compose the essays.It is advisable to utilize the course evaluations in this essay and pass it off as a regular exam paper or write a paper that can be used as a placement paper. In this way, the student does not have to worry about testing and will be able to use the scores in his/her future career.The best part about the Jamestown DBQ sample essay is that you may use it for both final examinations and placement papers. Some institutions also award letters of recommendation to those who take up this course and this helps to give more recognition to the students.

Lois Lowry essays

Lois Lowry essays ... Now I deal with the frustrations, fears, and disappointments of life by making stories out of them: by examining them, tipping them upside down and inside out arranging them in an order that makes sense, weaving them through with details and holding them up to the light. That is how Lois Lowry comes up with her stories. By taking all her emotions and what everyone deals with in life and also by using some of her childhood memories in writing her stories. Lois Lowry was born on March 20, 1973 in Honolulu, Hawaii. Her parents were Robert E. Hammersberg and Katherine Hammersberg, who was a teacher. Her father was a dentist who was stationed with the army at Pearl Harbor, but before the bombing, the family moved to the mainland in the Amish country of Pennsylvania. The house and town in Pennsylvania where she grew up is used as the setting for one of her books called, Autumn Street. Lois Lowrys intelligence was shown early at the age of three years-old, she learned how to read at the age of three years-old. Lowry attended Brown University through the years 1954 and 1956 but even though she was smart, she dropped out of college early because of the tradition of the fifties to marry early. She married Donald Grey Lowry who was an attorney on June 11, 1956. She gave birth to Alex, Grey, Kristen, and Benjamin. Lowry finally divorced in 1977, where she went back to college at University of Southern Maine where she got her B.A. Although my books deal largely with families, I also attach a great deal of importance to friendships. Those are the things young people should pay attention to in their lives. That is how Lois Lowry get her methods of stories, by an idea that her stories can move and teach younger people and to those who read her stories provide them with strong motivation. She has an ability to explore young readers lives and relationships in w ...

When to Use a Bug Bomb to Control Pests

When to Use a Bug Bomb to Control Pests Bug bombs, also known as total release foggers or insect foggers, use an aerosol propellant to fill an indoor space with chemical pesticides. These products are often marketed as all-purpose extermination tools that are easy for a homeowner to use. But is a bug bomb always the right choice when confronted with a home pest problem? Learn when to use a bug bomb, and when you shouldnt. Bug Bombs Work Best on Flying Insects When should you use a bug bomb? Almost never, to be honest. Bug bombs are most effective on flying insects, such as flies or mosquitoes. They dont provide much control for cockroaches, ants, bed bugs, or other pests that most concern homeowners. So unless you live in the Amityville Horror house, you wont find a bug bomb to be of much help with your insect problem. Consumers are fooled into using bug bombs for roaches and bed bugs because they believe the airborne pesticides will penetrate every crack and crevice where these insects hide. Quite the opposite is true. Once these hidden pests detect the chemical fog in the room, theyll retreat further into walls or other hideaways, where youll never be able to treat them effectively. Got Bed Bugs? Dont Bother With a Bug Bomb Are you battling bed bugs? Dont bother using a bug bomb, say entomologists at Ohio State University. Their most recent study showed bug bomb products are ineffective for treating bed bug infestations. The researchers studied three brands of foggers that list pyrethroids as their active ingredient. They used 5 different bedbug populations collected from Ohio homes as their variables, and a laboratory-raised bed bug strain known as Harlan as their control. The Harlan bed bug population is known to be susceptible to pyrethroids. They conducted the experiment in a vacant office building on campus. The OSU entomologists found the foggers had a little adverse effect on the 5-bed bug populations collected from the field. In other words, the bug bombs were virtually useless on the bed bugs that are actually living in peoples homes. Just one strain of the field-collected bed bugs succumbed to the pyrethroid foggers, but only when those bed bugs were out in the open and directly exposed to the insecticide mist. The foggers simply did not kill bed bugs that were hiding, even when they were only protected by a thin layer of cloth. In fact, even the Harlan strain- bed bugs are known to be susceptible to pyrethroids - survived when they could take shelter under a piece of cloth. The bottom line is this: if you have bed bugs, save your money for a professional exterminator, and dont waste your time using bug bombs. Using ineffective pesticides inappropriately only contributes to pesticide resistance, and doesnt solve your problem. Dont believe it? Read the OSU study yourself. It was published in the June 2012 issue of the Journal of Economic Entomology, a peer-reviewed publication of the Entomological Society of America. Bug Bombs Can Be Hazardous Regardless of the targeted pest, a bug bomb should really be a pesticide of last resort, anyway. First of all, the aerosol propellants used in bug bombs are highly flammable and pose a serious risk of fire or explosion if the product is not used properly. Second, do you really want to coat every surface in your home with toxic pesticides? When you use a bug bomb, a chemical cocktail rains down on your counters, furniture, floors, and walls, leaving behind an oily and toxic residue. If you still feel a bug bomb is your best pest control option, be sure to read and follow all directions on the label. Remember, when it comes to pesticide use, the label is the law!  Take all necessary precautions to prevent accidents or health hazards. If the bug bomb treatment doesn’t work the first time, dont try it again- its not going to work. Consult your county extension office or a pest control professional for help.

Discuss the effect of exercise on arterial stiffness and vascular Essay

Discuss the effect of exercise on arterial stiffness and vascular aging - Essay Example The outermost layer of blood vessels is made up of connective tissue. The elastin and collagen fibers in this outermost layer allow the blood vessels to stretch and recoil, and absorb tensile stress, respectively. The middle layer contains smooth muscle fibers and extracellular matrix, which also contains collagen and elastion. Finally, the innermost endothelial layer is a single layer of flattened cells that minimizes resistance to blood flow (Campbell and Reece, 2002, p. 877). Capillaries, which are deep-seated in tissues, have thin walls to allow supplies delivered by arterial blood to diffuse to the surrounding tissues, and at the same time, to permit cellular wastes to dissolve into the blood that will subsequently go through the veins. Once in the veins, the blood is now deoxygenated. The veins lead to the kidneys and lungs where wastes and carbon dioxide are released, respectively. Upon entering the lungs, the blood is again infused with oxygen to be delivered to the systemic tissues of the body. Because of their function, arteries are thickened and more muscular than veins and capillaries. The thick muscles allow them to absorb a lot of tensile stress the pressure from the oxygenated blood pumped by the heart brings. When the heart contracts (systole) and blood flows through the arteries, the narrow openings of the artery into the arterioles leading to the capillaries temporarily traps blood inside the vessels, applying pressure onto the arterial walls. When the heart relaxes, the elastic arterial walls relax back to their initial diameter, pushing the blood into the arterioles (diastole). However, the heart contracts again before blood can completely flow out of the arteries Campbell and Reece, 2002, p. 878-879). The thickness of arterial walls is a function of increased number and or activity of myocytes, endothelial cells, and connective tissues comprising the blood vessels. For example, shear stress brought about by increased blood flow velocity

Artist's intention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Artist's intention - Essay Example New Criticism is even more aptly applied to the fine arts because of the elevated level of abstraction involved which indicates that it is probably impossible to understand a work solely through the artistic intention. To assume that it is possible to understand a work of art solely by understanding the intent of the artist is to also to make a leap of faith that the artist is being completely honest about his intent. How many people every day do things for one reason, but say they did them for another reason. Jeff Koons, for instance, is famous for having a team of â€Å"assistants† who do much of his work for him (Avgikos 137). How many more artists do the same thing, or something else which can bring their honesty into question, without making it part of their artistic persona. Should one trust the stated intent of an artist more than a used car salesman? Are they not both, ultimately, in the business of selling their wares? Even when an artist is being utterly honest about his intent that intention must still be called into question. Freud’s theory of subconscious drives has long stopped being controversial; anyone who has ever thrown up their hands in frustration and said they couldn’t explain why they did something intuitively realizes the authenticity of subconscious urges and drives. The process of painting or sculpting is a process of the application of the mind to the hand and if the actions of the hand contains little mystery, it must be admitted that the landscape of the mind is fraught with mystery. The subconscious mind is littered with the memories that have been forgotten by the conscious mind; there is within the brain any number drives that are not realized by the conscious mind that can be interrupting that transmission to the hand. In very few cases do artists admit that they are working simply for money. In the capitalist system of the 20th century, especially, when the starving artist clichà ©

Memory Conformity of Autobiographical Events: an fMRI Study

Memory Conformity of Autobiographical Events: an fMRI Study Whether privately, when we remember a past experience, or publicly, when we recall a shared memory with a friend, remembering is a functional process. The narratives of our past help us define and maintain our sense of self and meet the social demands of the community (Barnier, Sutton, Harris, Wilson, 2008; Harris, Paterson, Kemp, 2008). However, far from being exact replications of the past, our recollections may be influenced by previous knowledge and imagination, external demands and internal expectations, and exposure to subsequent information (Dudai Edelson, 2016; Schacter, Guerin, St. Jacques, 2011). Memory, indeed, is a constructive process (St Jacques, Olm, Schacter, 2013). While the malleability of our memories is a necessary feature for an adaptive memory system, both psychological and neuroscientific research in the false memory literature has consistently shown that the flexibility of our memory processes also render memories vulnerable to errors and distortions (Lof tus, 2005; Loftus Pickrell, 1995; Schacter et al., 2011; Schacter Loftus, 2013; St Jacques et al., 2013). Extensive research has indeed demonstrated the detrimental effects that incorrect or misleading post-event information has on the content of memory reports, a phenomenon called the misinformation effect (Loftus, 2005). In the classical misinformation paradigm, participants are asked to remember an event, take a memory test that contains some kind of misinformation, and then complete a final memory test for the original event. Across experiments results have consistently shown that after receiving the misinformation, participants in the final test tend to change the content of their memory or even endorse a memory for an event that never happened (Frenda, Nichols, Loftus, 2011; Loftus, 2005; Loftus Pickrell, 1995). Typically, researchers have explained this phenomenon in accordance with a source-monitoring framework that sees false memories as arising from participants errone ous attribution of the misinformation to the original event (Johnson, 1997). Recent research on the misinformation effect with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has started to reveal the underlying mechanisms that support false memory formation (Frenda et al., 2011; Schacter Loftus, 2013). Although with some degree of variation mostly accounted by different experimental procedures, neuroimaging studies have shown that brain activity associated with encoding-related processes particularly in the hippocampal complex during the original event and misinformation phase is predictive of whether the misinformation would be later endorsed (Baym Gonsalves, 2010; Okado Stark, 2005; Schacter Loftus, 2013; St Jacques et al., 2013). These studies point to the adaptive perspective of memory. Although different pattern of activation do seem to distinguish true from false memories, the misinformation effect found in behavioral studies seem to arise from a flexible memory system that through reactivation and reconsolidation is responsible for memory updating (Schacter et al., 2011; Schacter Loftus, 2013; St Jacques et al., 2013). Thus, the misinformation effect is a byproduct of functional memory processes that allow the incorporation of new information but are susceptible to memory errors (Dudai Edelson, 2016; Frenda et al., 2011; Schacter et al., 2011; St Jacques et al., 2013). Given the powerful influence and adaptive value that post-event information has on memory, recent research has increasingly begun to explore the misinformation effect when the incorrect information comes from other people, i.e. the source of the misinformation is social (Oeberst Seidemann, 2014; Schacter Loftus, 2013). In numerous real-world contexts, ranging from the exposure to mass media, social interactions, and eyewitness testimony, remembering an event involves sharing information with other people (Edelson, Sharot, Dolan, Dudai, 2011). While sharing information enhances individual memory performance when events are encoded poorly, in others circumstances, especially when incorrect information is shared, collective remembering is likely to produce memory errors (Harris et al., 2008; Hirst Echterhoff, 2012; Rajaram Pereira-Pasarin, 2010).   Indeed, research converging experiments on social conformity and the misinformation effect have provided extensive evidence supp orting the idea that people change their memory reports in response to incorrect information from a social source, a phenomenon often referred to as memory conformity (Dudai Edelson, 2016; Gabbert, Memon, Allan, 2003; Gabbert, Memon, Wright, 2006; Horry, Palmer, Sexton, Brewer, 2012; Jaeger, Lauris, Selmeczy, Dobbins, 2012; Meade Roediger, 2002; Roediger, Meade, Bergman, 2001; Thorley, 2013; Wright, Self, Justice, 2000; Wright, Memon, Skagerberg, Gabbert, 2009). Memory conformity represents a special kind of misinformation effect that exerts strong influence on memory reports a study has found that participants were more likely to report the misinformation when the incorrect information came from discussion with a confederate as opposed to when it was included in narratives (Gabbert, Memon, Allan, Wright, 2004) and has high ecological validity. Not only has research found that about 86% of eyewitnesses have reported talking to another person before providing their testim ony but also cases have been documented in which co-witness sharing of information has led to the wrongful conviction of a suspect (Oeberst Seidemann, 2014; Thorley, 2013; Wright et al., 2000; Wright et al., 2009). Although participants may change their memory reports in the presence of social pressure due to normative influences (i.e., participants report the incorrect information solely out of the need to comply with others) and informational influences (i.e., participants report the incorrect information because they believe the others to be right), the literature on the misinformation effect suggests that memory conformity may arise from false memory formation (Gabbert et al., 2003; Meade Roediger, 2002; Oeberst Seidemann, 2014; Roediger et al., 2001; Wright et al., 2009). Studies have in fact shown that participants tend to report the incorrect information even in later memory tests, where participants are tested individually in the absence of social pressure, and misattribu te the endorsed misinformation to the original event (Meade Roediger, 2002; Roediger et al., 2001). Evidence to the false memory account also comes from neuroimaging studies that have tried to identify the neural correlates involved in memory conformity. In an fMRI study by Edelson, Sharot, Dolan, and Dudai, (2011), groups of five participants were shown a video of a mock crime and were tested three times on the content of their memory across two weeks. Critically, in the second test, the researchers manipulated the misinformation by showing participants either fake incorrect answers of the four co-observers or no answers. Consistent with previous research on the misinformation effect, greater activity in encoding-related regions, specifically the bilateral anterior hippocampus, bilateral posterior hippocampus and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus was found for trials that resulted in erroneous answers even in the absence of social pressure but not for trials that resulted in errors due to social pressure or in correct answers. The researchers also found increased activity in the bilateral amygdala, a region involved in social-emotional processing, and increased functional connectivity between this region and the hippocampus in persisting memory conformity errors (Edelson et al., 2011). Not only these results indicate that participants updated their memory when they received the misinformation, replicating previous neuroimaging results, but they also reveal the role of the amygdala in the integration of social-specific information in memory (Dudai Edelson, 2016; Edelson et al., 2011). For its high relevance to the forensic context, past research on memory conformity has focused on studying the social forces that influence memory reports mainly in the field of eyewitness testimony (Gabbert et al., 2003; Harris et al., 2008; Horry et al., 2012; Jaeger et al., 2012; Oeberst Seidemann, 2014; Williamson, Paul; Weber, Nathan; Robertson, 2013; Wright et al., 2009). The effects of social forces on the content of autobiographical memories, however, represent an area of research that seems to have been neglected by the literature on memory conformity (Barnier et al., 2008). Autobiographical memories are memories of personal experiences, commonly accompanied with high personal and sometimes emotional relevance (Harris et al., 2008). Given the role that autobiographical memories have in individual and community-directed behavior, as we selectively remember events that help us maintain our individual and group identity, and their occurrence in social interactions, as people u sually share their memories in conversation when they remember a past experience (Dudai Edelson, 2016; Harris et al., 2008; Rajaram Pereira-Pasarin, 2010; Zawadzka, Krogulska, Button, Higham, Hanczakowski, 2015), the present study attempts to study the susceptibility of autobiographical memories to social influences that create memory errors and distortions. Previous studies on false memories provide, perhaps unintentionally, some evidence for the endorsement of misinformation coming from social sources, whether implicitly through questionnaires created by the experimenter or explicitly by specifically informing the participants about the source of the misinformation (Hirst Echterhoff, 2012). Indeed, in Loftus and Pickerells (1995) notorious lost in the mall paradigm, 29% of participants came to form a completely false memory about being lost in a mall when they were children. Critically, the false event was firstly introduced through narratives from a close relative (Hirst Ech terhoff, 2012; Loftus Pickrell, 1995). In recent attempts to understand the effects of social influence on autobiographical memories, a study has directly manipulated the presence of a social source, by introducing a piece of misinformation about a participants personal memory during conversation with a confederate. The study found that a week after receiving the misinformation from the confederate, about 30% participants included the misinformation in their final description of their memory (Barnier et al., 2008). Together, these findings suggest that rich autobiographical false memories might indeed be influenced by post-event information introduced by social actors (Harris et al., 2008). The present study thus aims at understanding the cognitive mechanisms of memory conformity for autobiographical memories using fMRI. The experiment will adapt a novel museum tour paradigm used by St Jacques et al. (2013), which allows the control over the encoding of real-world events and measures of memory accuracy, to study the neural mechanisms involved in the influence of post-event information on autobiographical memories to the previously described memory conformity procedure used by Edelson et al. (2011). Studying the neural mechanisms involved in memory conformity for personal events has indeed methodological, theoretical, and applied valence. From a methodological perspective, the memory conformity procedure used in Edelson et al. (2011) study and the museum tour paradigm used in St Jacques et al. (2013) will offer new ways to systematically study both autobiographical memories using fMRI and their susceptibility to social influences. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the integration of social information in autobiographical memories will extend our theoretical knowledge on the flexibility of our memory system responsible both for the formation of false memories and adaptive memory updating. Finally, studying the mechanisms involved in the effects of social influences on autobiographical memories will also expand the memory conformity literature to the real-world examples of personal memories, critical for the forensic context where jurors are asked to judge eyewitness memory reports of personally relevant events (Schacter Loftus, 2013). Based on previous research reviewed above, the following predictions are hypothesized. Behaviorally, trials where the misinformation is introduced by fake co-observers answers will produce errors that are likely to persist even when participants are tested individually (persistent errors) (H1). Neuroimaging data will show greater activity in the hippocampal complex for the social misinformation condition opposed to the no-misinformation condition (H2). Additionally in the social manipulation condition, greater hippocampal activity will be measured for trials that produce errors that persist in the absence of social influences compared to trials that produce errors only in the presence of co-observers answers (transient errors) or trials where no conformity is produced (H3). Finally, the special role of the amygdala in the integration of social information will be also studied. More hippocampus-amygdala connectivity for persistent errors produced by the social-manipulation condition i s expected when contrasted with transient errors and the control condition (H4). Methods Participants Forty right-handed participants will be recruited through the University of Kent Research Participation Scheme. Participants with history of psychiatric disorder or using medication known to affect cognitive functioning will be excluded. Design procedure The study is a within-participants design, divided into four phases, specifically an encoding phase, a first memory test (Test 1), a manipulation phase (Test 2), and a final memory test (Test 3) (Edelson et al., 2011). Encoding phase (day 0): Groups of five unacquainted participants will be provided with an iTouch (Apple) outlining a self-guided audio tour of the British Museum (London, UK) and will be asked to wear a camera that automatically takes photographs every 15 seconds (St Jacques et al., 2013). There will be two slightly different versions of the museum tour, each composed by 208 stops, which will be counterbalanced between groups of participants. Test 1 (day 3):   Participants will take a first forced-choice memory test individually for the museum tour. They will be shown two photographs (A B) for every museum stop; one taken from the version of the tour they have experienced, the other from the alternate tour they have not experienced. The photographs will be matched for every stop between the two versions. They will be then asked to choose the museum stop they remember taking part in and to rate their confidence from 0 (guess) to 100 (absolute confidence). Answers will provide the baseline for accuracy and confidence before the manipulation. Manipulation phase Test 2 (day 7): Participants will be asked to take a second individual memory test in the fMRI scanner. The test will be similar to Test 1 but after the photographs presentation and before participants response, another screen will appear with the pictures of the co-observers. For the photographs of museum stops that received a high confidence correct answer in Test 1, co-observers pictures will be presented with either all incorrect answers (manipulation condition), all correct answers (credibility condition), or an X replacing the answers (no manipulation condition). The credibility condition helps to avoid suspicion from participants, will contain different photographs taken from all the questions in Test 1 and will be excluded from analysis. Test 3 (day 14): Participants will take a final individual memory test identical to Test 1 in the scanner. Before the test, participants will be warned that the answers provided by the co-observers in Test 2 were randomly generated. Materials All stimuli and materials will be taken from St Jacques et al. (2013) and adapted for the purpose of the present study. Analysis The following analyses are based on Edelson et al. (2011)s study (see supplementary information). Behavioral data A repeated measure GLM with error type (transient errors, persistent errors, non-conformity, and no manipulation) as a factor will be conducted. Transient errors: trials where the social manipulation was introduced and for which participants give a first correct answer (Test 1), an incorrect answer in Test 2, and revert back to the correct answer in Test 3. Persistent errors: trials where the social manipulation was introduced for which participants give a first correct answer in Test 1 but an incorrect answer in both Test 2 and 3. Non-conformity: trials where the social manipulation was introduced and for which participants give a correct answer in both Test 2 and 3. No manipulation: trials where co-observers answers will not be given. Neuroimaging data Region of interest analysis: activity in previously identified regions of interest (ROI) (i.e., bilateral amygdala, bilateral para-hippocampus and bilateral anterior and posterior hippocampus) will be analyzed with repeated measures GLM with error type (persistent errors, transient errors, non-conformity, and no manipulation) as a factor. Functional connectivity analysis: whole brain analysis will be conducted to measure functional connectivity between activated ROIs and the left amygdala across experimental conditions. Why fMRI? Reasons why other methods are not appropriate The primary interest of this study is to identify the underlying neural mechanisms that support the long-lasting integration of new and sometimes incorrect information about personal events in memory as a function of social influence. Although the study takes advantage of measures of accuracy and error rates, the primary interest is not in measuring overt behavior, so behavioral methods (i.e., reaction times), are not appropriate. Behavioral studies have in fact been unable to distinguish between the different cognitive processes (i.e., normative influences, informational influences, and memory distortions) that lead to memory conformity (Edelson et al., 2011; Thorley, 2013). Similarly eye tracking is not an appropriate method either. Although measures of eye-fixation and eye-movement during the presentation of misinformation could be informative about attentional processes that lead to successful encoding, these measures cannot distingu ish between different cognitive processes that support memory conformity. This study does not intend to measure neuronal activity, so methods of electrical activity, namely EEG and ERPs, are not appropriate. Although they could be informative about the time when integration processes happen, measures of electrical activity cannot tell us where these processes are supported functionally in the brain. Finally, the present study does not aim at manipulating brain activity as it focuses on understanding the automatic online processes that are associated with memory conformity, so methods of brain stimulation (i.e., TMS) are not appropriate. Reasons why fMRI is appropriate As the present study aims at understanding the cognitive mechanisms involved in the integration of post-event, social misinformation that lead to memory conformity for autobiographical memories, fMRI represents the most appropriate method. Measures of brain activity in encoding-related regions during the presence of misinformation from a social source can provide information about the cognitive processes associated with memory conformity for personal events and distinguish between social influences (i.e., normative or information) and memory distortions that lead to false autobiographical memory reports. Previous studies have in fact shown that activity in the hippocampal complex at encoding is predictive of whether the misinformation will produce long lasting memory change (Edelson et al., 2011; St Jacques et al., 2013). Similarly, identifying the functional architecture of the encoding processes that support the integration of social information in memory will reveal the cognitive mechanisms underlying memory updating, which make memories flexible and vulnerable to social influences (Schacter et al., 2011). Because of its non-invasiveness and better temporal resolution, fMRI is more suitable than other measures of brain activity, such as PET. References: Barnier, A. J., Sutton, J., Harris, C. B., Wilson, R. A. (2008). A conceptual and empirical framework for the social distribution of cognition: The case of memory. Cognitive Systems Research, 9(1-2), 33-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2007.07.002 Baym, C. L., Gonsalves, B. D. (2010). Comparison of neural activity that leads to true memories, false memories, and forgetting: An fMRI study of the misinformation effect. Cognitive, Affective Behavioral Neuroscience, 10(3), 339-48. https://doi.org/10.3758/CABN.10.3.339 Dudai, Y., Edelson, M. G. (2016). Personal memory: Is it personal, is it memory? Memory Studies, 9(3), 275-283. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698016645234 Edelson, M., Sharot, T., Dolan, R. J., Dudai, Y. (2011). Following the Crowd: Brain Substrates of Long-Term Memory Conformity. Science, 333(6038), 108-111. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1203557 Frenda, S. J., Nichols, R. M., Loftus, E. F. (2011). Current Issues and Advances in Misinformation Research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(1), 20-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721410396620 Gabbert, F., Memon, A., Allan, K. (2003). Memory conformity: Can eyewitnesses influence each others memories for an event? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17(5), 533-543. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.885 Gabbert, F., Memon, A., Allan, K., Wright, D. B. (2004). Say it to my face: Examining the effects of socially encountered misinformation. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 9, 215-27. https://doi.org/10.1348/1355325041719428 Gabbert, F., Memon, A., Wright, D. B. (2006). Memory conformity: Disentangling the steps toward influence during a discussion. Psychonomic Bulletin Review, 13(3), 480-485. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193873 Harris, C. B., Paterson, H. M., Kemp, R. I. (2008). Collaborative recall and collective memory: what happens when we remember together? Memory, 16(3), 213-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701811862 Hirst, W., Echterhoff, G. (2012). Remembering in conversations: the social sharing and reshaping of memories. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 55-79. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100340 Hirst, W., Manier, D. (2008). Towards a Psychology of Collective Memory. Memory, 16(3), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701811912 Horry, R., Palmer, M. A., Sexton, M. L., Brewer, N. (2012). Memory conformity for confidently recognized items: The power of social influence on memory reports. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(3), 783-786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2011.12.010 Jaeger, A., Lauris, P., Selmeczy, D., Dobbins, I. G. (2012). The costs and benefits of memory conformity. Memory Cognition, 40(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-011-0130-z Johnson, M. K. (1997). Source monitoring and memory distortion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 352, 1733-1745. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0156 Loftus, E. F. (2005). Planting misinformation in the human mind: a 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learning Memory, 12(4), 361-366. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.94705 Loftus, E. F., Pickrell, J. E. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70059-9 Meade, M. L., Roediger, H. L. (2002). Explorations in the social contagion of memory. Memory Cognition, 30(7), 995-1009. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194318 Oeberst, A., Seidemann, J. (2014). Will your words become mine? underlying processes and cowitness intimacy in the memory conformity paradigm. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expà ©rimentale, 68(2), 84-96. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000014 Okado, Y., Stark, C. E. L. (2005). Neural activity during encoding predicts false memories created by misinformation. Learning Memory, 12(1), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.87605 Rajaram, S., Pereira-Pasarin, L. P. (2010). Collaborative memory: Cognitive research and theory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(6), 649-663. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610388763 Roediger, H. L., Meade, M. L., Bergman, E. T. (2001). Social contagion of memory. Psychonomic Bulletin Review, 8(2), 365-371. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196174 Schacter, D. L., Guerin, S. A., St. Jacques, P. L. (2011). Memory distortion: an adaptive perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(10), 467-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2011.08.004 Schacter, D. L., Loftus, E. F. (2013). Memory and law: What can cognitive neuroscience contribute? Nature Neuroscience, 16(2), 119-23. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3294 St Jacques, P. L., Olm, C., Schacter, D. L. (2013). Neural mechanisms of reactivation-induced updating that enhance and distort memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(49), 19671-8. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1319630110 Thorley, C. (2013). Memory conformity and suggestibility. Psychology, Crime Law, 19(7), 565-575. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2011.648637 Williamson, Paul; Weber, Nathan; Robertson, M.-T. (2013). The Effect of Experitise on Memory Conformity: A Test of Informational Influence. Behavioral Sciences the Law, 31, 607-623. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl Wright, D. B., Memon, A., Skagerberg, E. M., Gabbert, F. (2009). When eyewitnesses talk. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(3), 174-178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01631.x Wright, D. B., Self, G., Justice, C. (2000). Memory conformity: exploring misinformation effects when presented by another person. British Journal of Psychology, 91, 189-202. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712600161781 Zawadzka, K., Krogulska, A., Button, R., Higham, P. A., Hanczakowski, M. (2015). Memory, Metamemory, and Social Cues: Between Conformity and Resistance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(2), 181-199. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000118